Re:1 Config Archlinux From Scratch

上一篇文章介绍了Archlinux的安装流程。但是，现在连个图形界面也没有，一堆效率导向的包都没有装上，这还玩个🔨啊。这篇来看看如何把Arch配置成用起来超爽的工具。因为到这里还没有装好中文输入法，所以和上一篇一样是英文的。英语水平不高，有错误的话，万分抱歉。~~下次重装系统自己能看懂就行~~

Create a new user

It is unsafe to use root for daily use. It is better to create a ordinary user.

Let's create a new user named muted.

1	useradd -m -G wheel muted

-m stands for creating a new folder whose name is the same as your new user. You can use ~ to access it easily. -G wheel stands for adding the new user "muted" to a group named "wheel".

Set a password for this user:

1	passwd muted

Config sudo

1 2	ln -s /usr/bin/vim /usr/bin/vi visudo

Uncomment # %wheel ALL=(ALL)ALL, then reboot. This time your new user is able to use sudo command.

Graphical interface installation

1 2	dhcpcd # Connet to the Internet sudo pacman -S xf86-video-intel # If your GPU is from Intel

See also: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg#Driver_installation

Now install Xorg and some necessary packages:

1 2	pacman -S xorg xorg-server plasma dolphin kate kdialog konsole fsearch dragon ffmpegthumbs sddm sddm-kcm sudo systemctl enable sddm

kde-meta-kdeadmin kde-meta-kdeutils kde-meta-kdegraphics have been removed because of obsoleteness.

Config your Internet

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sudo systemctl disable netctl
sudo systemctl enable NetworkManager  # Draw attention on UPPER and lower case
sudo pacman -S network-manager-applet

Use pacman mirror

1	sudo vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Copy the mirrors you wants to use and paste them to the beginning of this file. One of the commonly used mirrors is https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn.

I chose https://linux.xidian.edu.cn/mirrors/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch (Only available under the campus network environment).

Use archlinuxcn repository

1	sudo vim /etc/pacman.conf

At the end of file add:

1 2	[archlinuxcn] Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch

If you are a 'Xidianer' too, you can also:

1	Server = https://linux.xidian.edu.cn/mirrors/archlinuxcn/$arch

Then:

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sudo pacman -Syy
sudo pacman -Syu
sudo pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring

Use AUR repository with yay

1 2	sudo pacman -S yay yay -Syu --devel --combinedupgrade --save

Then change current aururl to https://aur.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn.

Use fish shell as your default shell

1	sudo pacman -S fish

Set fish the default shell on Konsole: Konsole -> Settings -> Edit Current Profile, choose /bin/fish as default command, Then restart Konsole.

Use fish as default user shell:

1 2	sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/fish root sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/fish [username]

Set greeting words:

1	set fish_greeting 'Your Greeting Words'

Config fish shell:

1	fish_config

I recommend to set some abbreviations, for example:

pc is short for proxychains

pmc is short for sudo vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

pmi is short for sudo pacman -S

pms is short for sudo pacman -Ss

pmu is short for sudo pacman -Syyu

Change hosts (Github)

Seems not very useful for me but... just record it here in case that some day I need it.

1	sudo pacman -S dnsutils

Use dig or nslookup command to build a hosts file yourself.

Bypass GFW

1	sudo pacman -S v2ray qv2ray proxychains-ng

More? ...sorry but I won't tell you more🤪

Caution! : Set your system time correctly first, or you can never success.

If you want some rules, look at here: https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat, just put geosite and geoip into /usr/share/v2ray/. Easy!

Fonts config

1	sudo pacman -S noto-fonts noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts-emoji ttf-sarasa-gothic nerd-fonts-jetbrains-mono wqy-microhei wqy-zenhei

Download the config file at https://bitbucket.org/szclsya/dotfiles/src/master/fontconfig/fonts.conf, put it into ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf, log out and log in, then it works.

Install Google-chrome

1	sudo pacman -S google-chrome

Caution: the bin file named google-chrome-stable, so if you want to start it use command line, use:

1	google-chrome-stable

Chinese input

I chose Rime(fcitx5) as my Chinese input scheme instead of sogou pinyin because the latter has some strange conflict with Jetbrains IDEs. ~~🔪🔪🔪Fuck Sogou~~

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sudo pacman -S fcitx5-im fcitx5-configtool
sudo pacman -S fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-gtk fcitx5-qt fcitx5-pinyin-zhwiki kcm-fcitx5
sudo pacman -S fcitx5-rime

fcitx-configtool -> add rime

Now let's config it:

1	vim ~/.xprofile

Then add:

export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export QT_IM_MODULE-fcitx
export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"
fcitx5 &

Log out then Log in. It works. But... It's not BEEEAAAUTIFUL enough!

RXnb! Let's use RX's skin for fcitx5 input method! https://github.com/Reverier-Xu/RxWe10-Fcitx5 Put those theme file to /usr/share/fcitx5/themes/, and set ~/.config/fcitx5/conf/classicui.conf:

# 垂直候选列表
Vertical Candidate List=False

# 按屏幕 DPI 使用
PerScreenDPI=True

# Font (设置成你喜欢的字体)
Font="字体字体字体字体写在这里"

# 主题
Theme=RxWe10-light

Or you can use some famous theme such as:

1	sudo pacman -S fcitx5-material-color

See Also: https://github.com/hosxy/Fcitx5-Material-Color

If you want to use simplified Chinese, create a new file named default.custom.yaml under $HOME/.local/share/fcitx5/rime/ . With default.yaml in ./build folder as reference, you can customize your settings freely. Also, you can turn to /usr/share/rime-data/ to do those things.

Install Jetbrains IDEs

Developers necessity. Use pacman or yay .

Install Tencent shits

1	sudo vim /etc/pacman.conf

To use deepin-wine I have to enable multilib since my Archlinux is x64 version (?)

1	sudo pacman -Sy deepin.com.qq.office

Now TIM is installed. But we cannot run it now since it is designed to be compatible with GTK style desktops. So we:

1	sudo pacman -S gnome-settings-daemon

System Settings -> Start up and shut down -> Autostart -> Add Script -> /usr/lib/gsd-xsettings

Reboot. Now TIM is available. Though it is not easy to use as it is on Windows, we HAVE a TIM on Arch at least.

References

https://www.viseator.com/2017/05/19/arch_setup/
https://www.wootec.top/2019/11/02/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%9C%A8Linux%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%98%E9%9B%85%E7%9A%84%E5%A0%95%E8%90%BD/
https://www.wootec.top/2019/11/15/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%9C%A8Linux%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%98%E9%9B%85%E7%9A%84%E5%A0%95%E8%90%BD-2/
https://rocka.me/article/arch-linux-kde-plasma-install-and-config